Perinatal infection (aka vertically transmitted infection) is an infection transmitted directly from the mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth.
Pathophysiology
Can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or rarely, parasites
It is caused by a pre-existing infection in pregnancy, unrelated to pregnancy
Cause
Vertically transmitted infections are included in the TORCHES complex, including:
TOxoplasmosis
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
HErpes simplex
Syphilis
Risk factors
Nutritional deficiencies can exacerbate the risks of perinatal infection
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